Minimization of Collision in Energy Constrained Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are one of the fastest growing and emerging technologies in the field of Wireless Networking today. The applications of WSNs are extensively spread over areas like Military, Environment, Health Care, Communication and many more. These networks are powered by batteries and hence energy optimization is a major concern. One of the factors that reduce the energy efficiency of the WSN is collision which occurs due to the high density of data packets in a typical communication channel. This paper aims at minimizing the effects of congestion leading to collision in the network by proposing an effective algorithm. This can be done by optimizing the size of the contention window by introducing parameters like source count and α. If the contention window of a node is low, it results in collision. If the size of the contention window of a node is high then it results in a medium access delay. Thus minimizing collision and medium access delay of data packets conserve energy.